Python 3.8.11 (default, Aug  6 2021, 08:56:27) 
[Clang 10.0.0 ] :: Anaconda, Inc. on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> "a" < "b"
True
>>> "a" < "Z"
False
>>> ord("a")
97
>>> chr(97)
'a'
>>> bin(chr("a"))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: an integer is required (got type str)
>>> bin(ord("a"))
'0b1100001'
>>> bin(ord("A"))
'0b1000001'
>>> #every character has a byte value
>>> ord("0")
48
>>> "cereal" < "cerebral"
True
>>> #dictioanry ordering based on ASCII value
>>> #asciicographical ordering
>>> "45" < "9"
True
>>> x = "Smith"
>>> y = "jones"
>>> x < y
True
>>> x.upper() < y.upper()
False
>>> cow = 'elsie'
>>> horse = "secretariat"
>>> print('horse\'s petoot')
horse's petoot
>>> print("horse's petoot")
horse's petoot
>>> x = "a\tb\nc\n\n"
>>> x
'a\tb\nc\n\n'
>>> print(x)
a	b
c


>>> print("\\")
\
>>> #Let's get raw
>>> print(r"\\n")
\\n
>>> #raw string: whack's magic gets whacked.
>>> print("c:\cow\bill gates\nuts")
c:\coill gates
uts
>>> print(r"c:\cow\bill gates\nuts")
c:\cow\bill gates\nuts
>>> print("""This goes on
... for many lines
... until we are all asleep""")
This goes on
for many lines
until we are all asleep
>>> print('''bleep
... blap
... bomba''')
bleep
blap
bomba
>>> x = 5
>>> y = 2
>>> print(f"{x} + {y} = {x + y}")
5 + 2 = 7
>>> print(str(x) + " + " + str(y) + " = " + str(x + y))
5 + 2 = 7
>>> for k in range(10):
...     print(f"<tr><td>{k}</td><td>{k*k}</td></tr>")
... 
<tr><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>4</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>9</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>16</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>25</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>36</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>49</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>64</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>81</td></tr>
>>> x
5
>>> y
2
>>> print(f"{x} < {y} is {x < y}")
5 < 2 is False
>>> 
>>> "%s + %s = %s".format(x, y, x + y)
'%s + %s = %s'
>>> "{} + {} = {}".format(x, y, x + y)
'5 + 2 = 7'
>>> "%s + %s = %s" % (x, y, x + y)
'5 + 2 = 7'
>>> x = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> type(x)
<class 'list'>
>>> print(x[0])
1
>>> list("cows")
['c', 'o', 'w', 's']
>>> str(x)
'[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]'
>>> def f(x): return x*x
... 
>>> type(f)
<class 'function'>
>>> str(f)
'<function f at 0x7fdf42ad5310>'
>>> x[1:]
[2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> x[1:3]
[2, 3]
>>> x[::2]
[1, 3, 5]
>>> x[1::2]
[2, 4]
>>> len("dsfewwee")
8
>>> len(x)
5
>>> menagerie = [2, True, "cow", [1,2,3], 5.6, f]
>>> print(menagerie)
[2, True, 'cow', [1, 2, 3], 5.6, <function f at 0x7fdf42ad5310>]
>>> menagerie[5](10)
100
>>> menagerie[0]
2
>>> menagerie[3][1]
2
>>> menagerie[3][2]
3
>>> x
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> x[6]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
IndexError: list index out of range
>>> x[0] = 6
>>> x
[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>>