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MAC:Mon Feb 14:13:57:~> python
Python 3.10.0 (v3.10.0:b494f5935c, Oct  4 2021, 14:59:19) [Clang 12.0.5 (clang-1205.0.22.11)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> hash("234234")
1253237667222338117
>>> hash("234235")
573218971702271740
>>> hash(0)
0
>>> hash(1)
1
>>> hash(2**20)
1048576
>>> #when does an integer hash to itself
>>> hash((2,2,2))
-2342735517975372153
>>> hash([1,2,3])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'
>>> ## mutable objects are uhashable
>>> 
>>> s = set()
>>> type(s)
<class 'set'>
>>> len(s)
0
>>> s.add("a")
>>> s
{'a'}
>>> s.add("b")
>>> s
{'b', 'a'}
>>> s.add("cackleberry")
>>> s
{'cackleberry', 'b', 'a'}
>>> s.add(4.5)
>>> s
{'cackleberry', 'b', 4.5, 'a'}
>>> s.add("b")
>>> s
{'cackleberry', 'b', 4.5, 'a'}
>>> ## equality is decided by ==
>>> s
{'cackleberry', 'b', 4.5, 'a'}
>>> "quack" in s
False
>>> "b" in S
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'S' is not defined. Did you mean: 's'?
>>> "b" in s
True
>>> 1 in [1,2,3,4]
True
>>> "oa" in "toad"
True
>>> s = {"a", "b", "c", "x", "y", 
... 
... "z}
  File "<stdin>", line 3
    "z}
    ^
SyntaxError: unterminated string literal (detected at line 3)
>>> s = {"a", "b", "c", "x", "y", "z"}
>>> s
{'b', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'x', 'y'}
>>> t = {"c", "d", e", "w", "x", "y"}
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    t = {"c", "d", e", "w", "x", "y"}
                    ^^^^^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax. Perhaps you forgot a comma?
>>> t = {"c", "d", e", "w", "x", "y"}
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    t = {"c", "d", e", "w", "x", "y"}
                    ^^^^^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax. Perhaps you forgot a comma?
>>> t = {"c", "d", "e", "w", "x", "y"}
>>> s
{'b', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'x', 'y'}
>>> t
{'w', 'c', 'e', 'd', 'x', 'y'}
>>> s | t
{'b', 'd', 'x', 'w', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'e', 'y'}
>>> s.union(t)
{'b', 'd', 'x', 'w', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'e', 'y'}
>>> s.intersect(t)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'set' object has no attribute 'intersect'. Did you mean: 'intersection'?
>>> s.intersection(t)
{'x', 'y', 'c'}
>>> s & t
{'x', 'y', 'c'}
>>> s - t
{'b', 'z', 'a'}
>>> t - s
{'d', 'w', 'e'}
>>> s.difference(t)
{'b', 'z', 'a'}
>>> ## puzzler:  if B - A = C - A is B = C?
>>> len(s)
6
>>> s 
{'b', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'x', 'y'}
>>> t
{'w', 'c', 'e', 'd', 'x', 'y'}
>>> s ^ t
{'b', 'w', 'z', 'e', 'a', 'd'}
>>> s.isdisjoint(t)
False
>>> s & t
{'x', 'y', 'c'}
>>> s.discard("x")
>>> s
{'b', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'y'}
>>> t.discard("y")
>>> s & t
{'c'}
>>> t.discard("c")
>>> s
{'b', 'c', 'a', 'z', 'y'}
>>> t
{'w', 'e', 'd', 'x'}
>>> s.isdisjoint(t)
True
>>> a = {1,2,3}
>>> b = {3,4,5}
>>> c = {1,2,3,4,5}
>>> a < b
False
>>> b < a
False
>>> b == a
False
>>> a < c
True
>>> a < a
False
>>> a <= a
True
>>> c <= c
True
>>> a <= c
True
>>> a.subset(b)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'set' object has no attribute 'subset'. Did you mean: 'issubset'?
>>> a.issubset(b)
False
>>>